The History Behind The Tradition of Cream Tea: Who Actually Invented It And How Did it Get So Popular?

Cream tea is a quintessentially British afternoon snack consisting of tea served with scones, clotted cream, and jam. It is typically enjoyed in the West Country of England, particularly in Devon and Cornwall. The scones are split in half, with clotted cream and jam spread on each half before eating. The sequence of spreading cream and jam varies between regions, with Devon favoring cream first and Cornwall preferring jam first. This delightful treat begs the question: how did it become what it is today, and more importantly, who invented it?

The Origins of Cream Tea: A Tale of Two Counties

The origins of cream tea are steeped in history and tradition, much like a fine cup of English Breakfast. The tradition is believed to date back to the 11th century, with the earliest recorded mention tracing back to Tavistock Abbey in Devon. After the abbey was plundered by Vikings in 997 AD, the monks helped repair it and provided bread, clotted cream, and strawberry preserves to the workers. This act of generosity and sustenance is considered the precursor to the modern cream tea.

However, Cornwall has its own tale to tell. Some Cornish argue that their version of cream tea originated independently, rooted in the region's dairy farming traditions. The historical divide between Devon and Cornwall over cream tea is almost as rich as the clotted cream itself. While Devon claims the first documented instance, Cornwall insists that their longstanding agricultural practices make them the true originators. Whether you’re team Devon or team Cornwall, one thing is clear: both regions have a deep, delicious connection to this beloved tradition.

Devon Vs. Cornwall Cream Tea Explained

The rivalry between Devon and Cornwall extends beyond the origin story to the very heart of the cream tea itself. The most notable difference lies in the method of assembly. In Devon, the scone is split open, spread with clotted cream first, and then topped with jam. This method is said to maximize the cream's flavor by allowing it to meld with the crumbly scone.

Cornwall, on the other hand, advocates for spreading jam first, followed by a generous dollop of clotted cream. Cornish proponents argue that this method ensures the cream sits proudly on top, showcasing its rich, creamy texture. This debate over the “correct” way to prepare a cream tea might seem trivial to outsiders, but to locals, it’s a matter of regional pride and taste. Whether you prefer your cream atop your jam or vice versa, the resulting treat is undeniably delightful.

How Did Cream Tea Become so Popular, Anyway?

The popularity of cream tea has soared over the years, transforming from a regional delight to a global phenomenon. Its journey to widespread acclaim began in the Victorian era, when afternoon tea became a fashionable social event among the British upper class. The combination of tea, scones, clotted cream, and jam quickly became a staple of these gatherings, and the tradition of cream tea was firmly established.

In recent years, cream tea has enjoyed a resurgence, driven by a renewed interest in traditional and artisanal foods. Tea rooms across the UK, and indeed around the world, now offer cream tea as a menu highlight. Its appeal lies in its simplicity and the sense of indulgence it provides. Tourists flock to Devon and Cornwall to experience authentic cream tea, often sparking lively debates about which county does it best.

How to Make Your Own Cream Tea

Creating your own cream tea is easier than you might think, and it's the perfect way to bring a touch of British tradition to your afternoon. Here's how to assemble a cream tea that would make any Devonian or Cornish proud:

1. Start with freshly baked scones. These should be slightly sweet, golden on the outside, and soft inside. If you’re feeling adventurous, you can try baking them yourself, but store-bought scones will do in a pinch.
2. Clotted cream is the star of the show. This thick, rich cream is made by slowly heating full-cream cow's milk, then allowing it to cool. The result is a luscious, spreadable cream with a distinctive crust. If you can't find clotted cream, a thick, high-quality double cream can be a substitute.
3. Strawberry jam is the traditional choice, but feel free to experiment with other flavors like raspberry or blackcurrant. The key is to use a good-quality, preferably homemade, jam.
4. A proper cream tea isn't complete without a pot of freshly brewed tea. English Breakfast or Earl Grey are popular choices, served with milk and sugar on the side.

To serve, split the scones in half and let your guests decide whether they want to go Devonian or Cornish in their assembly. Offer plenty of clotted cream and jam, and don't forget to keep the tea flowing. Whether you’re enjoying a leisurely afternoon with friends or looking to add a bit of British flair to your day, a cream tea is sure to delight.